Hyperdontia

Hyperdontia’s is also called as extra teeth and supernumerary teeth. In this abnormal condition, more than 32 teeth in adults and more than 20 teeth in children starts growing. It is very common in people with permanent teeth i.e. adults. Also, men have more chances of extra teeth condition than women. Teeth can grow in any area of the dental arch. They usually grow in the curved area where normal teeth are connected to the jaw and also grows outside of the gums. The most common extra teeth are wisdom teeth that grow behind the 2nd or 3rd molar. The size of the supernumerary teeth can be small or large than normal teeth. Genes may or may not be involved in this condition. 

1-2 extra teeth are harmless but 10-15 extra teeth can cause severe problems like :

1. Interrupts permanent teeth
2. Become an obstacle in speech
3. Roots of the teeth start disappearing
4. Defects on face
5. Tumour starts developing
6. Cyst starts developing

Hyperdontia’s is also called as extra teeth and supernumerary teeth. In this abnormal condition, more than 32 teeth in adults and more than 20 teeth in children starts growing. It is very common in people with permanent teeth i.e. adults. Also, men have more chances of extra teeth condition than women. Teeth can grow in any area of the dental arch. They usually grow in the curved area where normal teeth are connected to the jaw and also grows outside of the gums. The most common extra teeth are wisdom teeth that grow behind the 2nd or 3rd molar. The size of the supernumerary teeth can be small or large than normal teeth. Genes may or may not be involved in this condition. 

1-2 extra teeth are harmless but 10-15 extra teeth can cause severe problems like :

1. Interrupts permanent teeth
2. Become an obstacle in speech
3. Roots of the teeth start disappearing
4. Defects on face
5. Tumour starts developing
6. Cyst starts developing

Symptoms

Signs Of Hyperdontia ( Supernumerary  Teeth)

• A clear sign of extra teeth is an overgrowth of individual teeth or a set of teeth near the original set it can grow in front of the permanent/milk teeth or behind them.
• Pain in gums
• Irritation 
• Swelling

Different Shapes Of Supernumerary Teeth

1. Supplemental – This shape is typically seen in children when they are suffering from hyperdontia. It follows the same pattern of the normal series of teeth and gives a very similar appearance.
2. Tuberculate –  Normally situated near the central incisors these teeth are often seen in the paired pattern rather than impaired also multiple cups or tubercle (rounded surface) are seen in this shape. The shape also resembles a barrel.
3. Compound Odontoma – When dental tissue grows in an unsteady or erratic way. Dentin and enamel promote uncommon growth of individual teeth.
4. Complex Odontoma – When dental tissue grows in an unsteady or erratic way in a bunch and uncommon growth of an entire set of teeth.

Where Extra Teeth Are Located?

1. Distomolar – When an extra tooth grows after your last molar in an upper or lower arch in the same line, which is frequently large and flat in shape.
2. Paramolar – In this, the supernumerary tooth grows behind the mouth and doesn’t stay in the same line.
3. Mesiodens – This tooth makes a space between two central incisors and starts its growth there, mostly conical in shape.

Causes

What Are The Causes Of Hyperdontia?

Mostly hyperdontia attacks the children, who have specific disorders such as:

1. Down Syndrome
2. Cleidocranial Dysplasia
3. Gardner Syndrome
4. Fabry Disease
5. Ehlers- Danlos Syndrome
6. Cleft Palate

What Are The Risk Factors Involved With Hyperdontia?

•  Disturbance in chewing/biting.
• Misalignment 
• Gingival ulceration
• Tooth decay
• Destruction of alveolar bone
• Destruction of Periodontal ligament

Which Treatments Are Available For Hyperdontia?

If extra teeth are causing problems then treatment becomes essential mild or less growth usually doesn’t require treatment while severe cases should seek treatment. Extraction of supernumerary teeth will be advised by a doctor if :

• Heredity factor is involved.
• Biting food becomes difficult
• Inconvenience and pain
• Brushing teeth and taking care of oral hygiene becomes a challenge
• arms the permanent or milk teeth
• Teeth become crooked
• Fear of gum disease

For mild pain, one can take naproxen, aspirin, or ibuprofen.

Diagnosis Of Hyperdontia?

CT Scan, radiography and X-ray helps to diagnose the extra teeth condition.

FAQ

1. Is it possible to prevent hyperdontia condition?

It is quite difficult to prevent hyperdontia as it is mostly related to genes but precautions can be taken by taking proper treatment and doing all the necessary tests. By these, you can control the growth.

2. How common is hyperdontia?

It is common when it comes to single extra tooth growth but multiple teeth growth are  rare. It occurs in 2- 5 % of the population

3. What is the percentage of children with baby teeth will have extra teeth in their adulthood?

30-60% of children have more chances of extra teeth in their adulthood.

4. Which treatment is recommended after the removal of extra teeth?

Dentists suggest orthodontic fixed braces or invisible braces for such people.

5. Is hyperdontia covered by insurance?

Yes, it does if your age is under 18 then medical insurance covers the cost in some countries.

6. What’s the cost of extra teeth removal?

It depends on country to country but on an average dentist charge $20-$150 per tooth.